The head of Ukraine’s military intelligence, Kyrylo Budanov, stated on Saturday that Russia’s heightened production of guided bombs, along with artillery ammunition supplied by North Korea, poses significant challenges for Ukrainian forces on the battlefield.

Budanov emphasized that the military assistance from North Korea is the most concerning aspect compared to support from Russia’s other allies. He noted, “They provide substantial quantities of artillery ammunition, which is vital for Russia,” highlighting the increase in hostilities on the front lines following these deliveries.

Both Ukraine and the United States, along with independent analysts, assert that North Korean leader Kim Jong Un is aiding Russia in its conflict with Ukraine by supplying missiles and ammunition in exchange for economic and military support from Moscow.

Budanov remarked that the surge in guided bomb production by Russia represents a “major issue for the frontline” during the Yalta European Strategy conference organized by the Victor Pinchuk Foundation in Kyiv. As the conflict enters its 30th month, Ukrainian forces are stretched thin, striving to halt the Russian advance toward critical eastern towns, while also conducting operations in the western Russian region of Kursk.

The increased production of Iskander-type missiles has led to a “massive use” of weaponry against Ukraine, according to Budanov. This year’s attacks on Ukraine’s essential infrastructure have inflicted considerable damage on the power grid, resulting in widespread power outages.

President Volodymyr Zelenskiy has reiterated calls for enhanced air defense support from Ukraine’s allies. Budanov also indicated that Russian internal assessments suggest Moscow will encounter a recruitment challenge by mid-next year.

“During this period (summer 2025), they will face a choice: either declare mobilization or find a way to lessen the intensity of hostilities, which could ultimately be critical for them,” Budanov stated.